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New page: == Authorizing DHCP Servers in Active Directory == If a DHCP server is to operate within an Active Directory domain (and is not running on a domain controller) it must first be authorized...
== Authorizing DHCP Servers in Active Directory ==
If a DHCP server is to operate within an Active Directory domain (and is not
running on a domain controller) it must first be authorized. This can be
achieved either as part of the DHCP Server role installation, or subsequently
using either DHCP console or at the command prompt using the '''netsh''' tool. To achieve this, open a command prompt and enter the following command:
<tt>netsh dhcp server ''serverID'' initiate auth</tt>
In the above command syntax, ''serverID'' is replaced by the IP address or
full UNC name of system on which the DHCP server is installed.
== Configuring Scopes at the Command Prompt ==
DHCP scopes may also be configured from the command prompt using the netsh
tool. netsh may be run as a single command, or interactively. To run
interactively. To run in interactive mode follow these steps:
1. At the command prompt enter netsh.
2. At the netsh> prompt enter dhcp.
3. At the netsh dhcp> prompt enter server \\servername where servername is the
UNC name or IP address of the server to be managed. For example:
<pre>
netsh dhcp>server \\winserver-1
</pre>
4. At the netsh dhcp server prompt, enter the commands to be executed.
Alternatively, run each netsh command separately, using the following syntax:
'''netsh dhcp server''' ''\\servername commands''
To create a new DHCP scope the command syntax is as follows:
'''netsh dhcp server''' ''\\servername'' '''scope''' ''subnetID'' '''add
iprange''' ''startIP endIP''
For example, to create a scope on subnet 192.168.2.0 ranging from 192.168.2.1
through 192.168.2.100:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 add iprange 192.168.2.1
192.168.2.100
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To list a scope IP address range:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show iprange
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
=========================================================
Start Address - End Address - Address type
=========================================================
192.168.2.1 - 192.168.2.100 - DHCP ONLY
Number of IP Ranges : 1 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To delete a scope using netsh:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 delete iprange 192.168.2.1
192.168.2.100
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To display the current state of a scope:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show state
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Current State of the Scope 192.168.2.0 : Active
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To add an exclude range to a scope:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 add excluderange
192.168.2.10 192.168.2.20
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To display an exclude ranges:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show excluderange
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
=====================================
Start Address - End Address
=====================================
192.168.2.10 - 192.168.2.20
Number of ExcludeRanges : 1 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To list the clients using a DHCP scope:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show clients
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Type : N - NONE, D - DHCP B - BOOTP, U - UNSPECIFIED, R - RESERVATION IP
==================================================================================
IP Address - Subnet Mask - Unique ID - Lease Expires
-Type
==================================================================================
No of Clients(version 4): 0 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
== Configuring DHCP Reservations using Netsh ==
DHCP reservations provide a mechanism by which IP addresses may be permanently
assigned to a specific client based on the MAC address of that client.
The MAC address of a Windows client can be found running the '''ipconfig /all''' command. For Linux systems the corresponding command is '''ifconfig -a'''. Once the MAC address has been identified, the reservation may be
configured using either the DHCP console or at the command prompt using the
'''netsh''' tool.
To add a reservation using '''netsh''' the following syntax is used:
'''netsh dhcp server''' \\''servername'' '''scope''' ''subnetID'' ''add reservedip'' ''IPaddress MacAddress ReservationName Comment''
For example the following command reserves an IP address for a specific MAC
address (note that the MAC address must be entered without any delimiters):
<pre>
C:\Users\Administrator>netsh dhcp server \\winserver-2 scope 192.168.2.0 add reservedip
192.168.2.12 0013720B1457 "CEO Printer" "Printer in Exec Suite"
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To list the current reserved IP addresses for a particular scope the following
'''netsh''' command may be used:
<pre>
C:\Users\Administrator>netsh dhcp server \\winserver-2 scope 192.168.2.0 show
reservedip
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
===============================================================
Reservation Address - Unique ID
===============================================================
192.168.2.10 - 00-0b-db-18-a0-db-
192.168.2.11 - 06-ec-e6-11-47-bd-
192.168.2.12 - 00-13-72-0b-14-57-
No of ReservedIPs : 3 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
If a DHCP server is to operate within an Active Directory domain (and is not
running on a domain controller) it must first be authorized. This can be
achieved either as part of the DHCP Server role installation, or subsequently
using either DHCP console or at the command prompt using the '''netsh''' tool. To achieve this, open a command prompt and enter the following command:
<tt>netsh dhcp server ''serverID'' initiate auth</tt>
In the above command syntax, ''serverID'' is replaced by the IP address or
full UNC name of system on which the DHCP server is installed.
== Configuring Scopes at the Command Prompt ==
DHCP scopes may also be configured from the command prompt using the netsh
tool. netsh may be run as a single command, or interactively. To run
interactively. To run in interactive mode follow these steps:
1. At the command prompt enter netsh.
2. At the netsh> prompt enter dhcp.
3. At the netsh dhcp> prompt enter server \\servername where servername is the
UNC name or IP address of the server to be managed. For example:
<pre>
netsh dhcp>server \\winserver-1
</pre>
4. At the netsh dhcp server prompt, enter the commands to be executed.
Alternatively, run each netsh command separately, using the following syntax:
'''netsh dhcp server''' ''\\servername commands''
To create a new DHCP scope the command syntax is as follows:
'''netsh dhcp server''' ''\\servername'' '''scope''' ''subnetID'' '''add
iprange''' ''startIP endIP''
For example, to create a scope on subnet 192.168.2.0 ranging from 192.168.2.1
through 192.168.2.100:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 add iprange 192.168.2.1
192.168.2.100
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To list a scope IP address range:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show iprange
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
=========================================================
Start Address - End Address - Address type
=========================================================
192.168.2.1 - 192.168.2.100 - DHCP ONLY
Number of IP Ranges : 1 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To delete a scope using netsh:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 delete iprange 192.168.2.1
192.168.2.100
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To display the current state of a scope:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show state
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Current State of the Scope 192.168.2.0 : Active
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To add an exclude range to a scope:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 add excluderange
192.168.2.10 192.168.2.20
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To display an exclude ranges:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show excluderange
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
=====================================
Start Address - End Address
=====================================
192.168.2.10 - 192.168.2.20
Number of ExcludeRanges : 1 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To list the clients using a DHCP scope:
<pre>
netsh dhcp server \\winserver-1 scope 192.168.2.0 show clients
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Type : N - NONE, D - DHCP B - BOOTP, U - UNSPECIFIED, R - RESERVATION IP
==================================================================================
IP Address - Subnet Mask - Unique ID - Lease Expires
-Type
==================================================================================
No of Clients(version 4): 0 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
== Configuring DHCP Reservations using Netsh ==
DHCP reservations provide a mechanism by which IP addresses may be permanently
assigned to a specific client based on the MAC address of that client.
The MAC address of a Windows client can be found running the '''ipconfig /all''' command. For Linux systems the corresponding command is '''ifconfig -a'''. Once the MAC address has been identified, the reservation may be
configured using either the DHCP console or at the command prompt using the
'''netsh''' tool.
To add a reservation using '''netsh''' the following syntax is used:
'''netsh dhcp server''' \\''servername'' '''scope''' ''subnetID'' ''add reservedip'' ''IPaddress MacAddress ReservationName Comment''
For example the following command reserves an IP address for a specific MAC
address (note that the MAC address must be entered without any delimiters):
<pre>
C:\Users\Administrator>netsh dhcp server \\winserver-2 scope 192.168.2.0 add reservedip
192.168.2.12 0013720B1457 "CEO Printer" "Printer in Exec Suite"
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
To list the current reserved IP addresses for a particular scope the following
'''netsh''' command may be used:
<pre>
C:\Users\Administrator>netsh dhcp server \\winserver-2 scope 192.168.2.0 show
reservedip
Changed the current scope context to 192.168.2.0 scope.
===============================================================
Reservation Address - Unique ID
===============================================================
192.168.2.10 - 00-0b-db-18-a0-db-
192.168.2.11 - 06-ec-e6-11-47-bd-
192.168.2.12 - 00-13-72-0b-14-57-
No of ReservedIPs : 3 in the Scope : 192.168.2.0.
Command completed successfully.
</pre>
