The Denial of Service (DoS) attacks outlined above involve the use of a single client to launch an attack on a system or service. Distributed Denial of Service Attacks use the same basic attack methodologies as outline above with the exception that the attacks are initiated from multiple client systems.

Exception encountered, of type "Error"
[4d85c94f] /index.php?title=An_Overview_of_IT_Security_Threats_and_Attacks&diff=5131&oldid=5130 Error from line 434 of /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php: Call to undefined function each()
Backtrace:
#0 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php(544): DiffEngine->diag()
#1 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php(344): DiffEngine->compareSeq()
#2 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php(227): DiffEngine->diffLocal()
#3 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php(721): DiffEngine->diff()
#4 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php(859): Diff->__construct()
#5 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php(980): MappedDiff->__construct()
#6 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/TableDiffFormatter.php(194): WordLevelDiff->__construct()
#7 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DiffFormatter.php(140): TableDiffFormatter->changed()
#8 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DiffFormatter.php(111): DiffFormatter->block()
#9 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DifferenceEngine.php(881): DiffFormatter->format()
#10 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DifferenceEngine.php(797): DifferenceEngine->generateTextDiffBody()
#11 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DifferenceEngine.php(728): DifferenceEngine->generateContentDiffBody()
#12 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DifferenceEngine.php(662): DifferenceEngine->getDiffBody()
#13 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DifferenceEngine.php(632): DifferenceEngine->getDiff()
#14 /var/www/techotopia/includes/diff/DifferenceEngine.php(453): DifferenceEngine->showDiff()
#15 /var/www/techotopia/includes/page/Article.php(797): DifferenceEngine->showDiffPage()
#16 /var/www/techotopia/includes/page/Article.php(508): Article->showDiffPage()
#17 /var/www/techotopia/includes/actions/ViewAction.php(44): Article->view()
#18 /var/www/techotopia/includes/MediaWiki.php(490): ViewAction->show()
#19 /var/www/techotopia/includes/MediaWiki.php(287): MediaWiki->performAction()
#20 /var/www/techotopia/includes/MediaWiki.php(714): MediaWiki->performRequest()
#21 /var/www/techotopia/includes/MediaWiki.php(508): MediaWiki->main()
#22 /var/www/techotopia/index.php(41): MediaWiki->run()
#23 {main}