Changes

Working with File Systems in Windows PowerShell 1.0

10,969 bytes added, 20:02, 5 December 2008

→‎Windows PowerShell File System Cmdlets

</table>

== Getting Disk Drive Information ==

A listing of drives may be obtained from within Windows PowerShell using either the ''Get-PSDrive'' cmdlet, the GetDrive() method of the .NET ''System.IO.DriveInfo'' class, or by accessing the Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) Win32_LogicalDisk class:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> get-psdrive

Name Provider Root CurrentLocation

---- -------- ---- ---------------

A FileSystem A:\

Alias Alias

C FileSystem C:\ Users\Administrator

cert Certificate \

D FileSystem D:\

Env Environment

Function Function

HKCU Registry HKEY_CURRENT_USER

HKLM Registry HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

Variable Variable

</pre>

Clearly, the ''Get-PSDrive'' lists all drives in addition to the physical drives on the system (including the virtual drives such as those used to store Windows PowerShell variables and functions). To restrict the listing to physical drives containing file systems, the search needs to be restricted to file system providers:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> Get-PSDrive -psprovider filesystem

Name Provider Root CurrentLocation

---- -------- ---- ---------------

A FileSystem A:\

C FileSystem C:\ Users\Administrator

D FileSystem D:\

</pre>

Alternatively, the following example demonstrates the use of the .NET [System.IO.DriveInfo]::GetDrives() method:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> [System.IO.DriveInfo]::GetDrives()

Name : A:\

DriveType : Removable

DriveFormat :

IsReady : False

AvailableFreeSpace :

TotalFreeSpace :

TotalSize :

RootDirectory : A:\

VolumeLabel :

Name : C:\

DriveType : Fixed

DriveFormat : NTFS

IsReady : True

AvailableFreeSpace : 9110175744

TotalFreeSpace : 9110175744

TotalSize : 17177767936

RootDirectory : C:\

VolumeLabel :

Name : D:\

DriveType : CDRom

DriveFormat : CDFS

IsReady : True

AvailableFreeSpace : 0

TotalFreeSpace : 0

TotalSize : 4329725952

RootDirectory : D:\

VolumeLabel : Fedora-9-Live-i6

</pre>

Finally, the WMI Win32_LogicalDisk object may be accessed through the use of the ''get-wmiobject'' cmdlet:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> get-wmiobject Win32_LogicalDisk

DeviceID : A:

DriveType : 2

ProviderName :

FreeSpace :

Size :

VolumeName :

DeviceID : C:

DriveType : 3

ProviderName :

FreeSpace : 9110175744

Size : 17177767936

VolumeName :

DeviceID : D:

DriveType : 5

ProviderName :

FreeSpace : 0

Size : 4329725952

VolumeName : Fedora-9-Live-i6

</pre>

Individual attributes, such as the amount of free space on a drive, may be obtained through the .NET System.IO.DriveInfo or WMI Win32_LogicalDisk classes:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> $mydrive = new-object System.IO.DriveInfo("C")

PS C:\Users\Administrator> $mydrive.TotalFreeSpace

9110175744

</pre>

A full listing of the properties and methods available for a ''DriveInfo'' object may be obtained using the ''Get-Member'' cmdlet:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> new-object System.IO.DriveInfo("C") | get-member

TypeName: System.IO.DriveInfo

Name MemberType Definition

---- ---------- ----------

Equals Method System.Boolean Equals(Object obj)

GetHashCode Method System.Int32 GetHashCode()

GetType Method System.Type GetType()

get_AvailableFreeSpace Method System.Int64 get_AvailableFreeSpace()

get_DriveFormat Method System.String get_DriveFormat()

get_DriveType Method System.IO.DriveType get_DriveType()

get_IsReady Method System.Boolean get_IsReady()

get_Name Method System.String get_Name()

get_RootDirectory Method System.IO.DirectoryInfo get_RootDirectory()

get_TotalFreeSpace Method System.Int64 get_TotalFreeSpace()

get_TotalSize Method System.Int64 get_TotalSize()

get_VolumeLabel Method System.String get_VolumeLabel()

set_VolumeLabel Method System.Void set_VolumeLabel(String value)

ToString Method System.String ToString()

AvailableFreeSpace Property System.Int64 AvailableFreeSpace {get;}

DriveFormat Property System.String DriveFormat {get;}

DriveType Property System.IO.DriveType DriveType {get;}

IsReady Property System.Boolean IsReady {get;}

Name Property System.String Name {get;}

RootDirectory Property System.IO.DirectoryInfo RootDirectory {get;}

TotalFreeSpace Property System.Int64 TotalFreeSpace {get;}

TotalSize Property System.Int64 TotalSize {get;}

VolumeLabel Property System.String VolumeLabel {get;set;}

</pre>

For example, the drive format may be obtained either using the ''get_DriveFormat()'' method, or by reference to the ''DriveFormat'' property:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> $mydrive.get_driveformat()

NTFS

PS C:\Users\Administrator> $mydrive.DriveFormat

NTFS

</pre>

Alternatively, the WMI Win32_LogicalDisk object may be accessed as follows:

<pre>

$mydrive = Get-WmiObject Win32_logicaldisk -Filter "DeviceID = 'C:'"

PS C:\Users\Administrator> $mydrive.FreeSpace

9110175744

</pre>

Once again, the full complement of properties and methods available may be obtained using the ''Get-Member'' cmdlet:

<pre>

PS C:\Users\Administrator> Get-WmiObject Win32_logicaldisk -Filter "DeviceID = 'C:'" | get-member

TypeName: System.Management.ManagementObject#root\cimv2\Win32_LogicalDisk

Name MemberType Definition

---- ---------- ----------

Chkdsk Method System.Management.ManagementBaseObject Chkdsk(System.B...

Reset Method System.Management.ManagementBaseObject Reset()

SetPowerState Method System.Management.ManagementBaseObject SetPowerState(S...

Access Property System.UInt16 Access {get;set;}

Availability Property System.UInt16 Availability {get;set;}

BlockSize Property System.UInt64 BlockSize {get;set;}

Caption Property System.String Caption {get;set;}

Compressed Property System.Boolean Compressed {get;set;}

ConfigManagerErrorCode Property System.UInt32 ConfigManagerErrorCode {get;set;}

ConfigManagerUserConfig Property System.Boolean ConfigManagerUserConfig {get;set;}

CreationClassName Property System.String CreationClassName {get;set;}

Description Property System.String Description {get;set;}

DeviceID Property System.String DeviceID {get;set;}

DriveType Property System.UInt32 DriveType {get;set;}

ErrorCleared Property System.Boolean ErrorCleared {get;set;}

ErrorDescription Property System.String ErrorDescription {get;set;}

ErrorMethodology Property System.String ErrorMethodology {get;set;}

FileSystem Property System.String FileSystem {get;set;}

FreeSpace Property System.UInt64 FreeSpace {get;set;}

InstallDate Property System.String InstallDate {get;set;}

LastErrorCode Property System.UInt32 LastErrorCode {get;set;}

MaximumComponentLength Property System.UInt32 MaximumComponentLength {get;set;}

MediaType Property System.UInt32 MediaType {get;set;}

Name Property System.String Name {get;set;}

NumberOfBlocks Property System.UInt64 NumberOfBlocks {get;set;}

PNPDeviceID Property System.String PNPDeviceID {get;set;}

PowerManagementCapabilities Property System.UInt16[] PowerManagementCapabilities {get;set;}

PowerManagementSupported Property System.Boolean PowerManagementSupported {get;set;}

ProviderName Property System.String ProviderName {get;set;}

Purpose Property System.String Purpose {get;set;}

QuotasDisabled Property System.Boolean QuotasDisabled {get;set;}

QuotasIncomplete Property System.Boolean QuotasIncomplete {get;set;}

QuotasRebuilding Property System.Boolean QuotasRebuilding {get;set;}

Size Property System.UInt64 Size {get;set;}

Status Property System.String Status {get;set;}

StatusInfo Property System.UInt16 StatusInfo {get;set;}

SupportsDiskQuotas Property System.Boolean SupportsDiskQuotas {get;set;}

SupportsFileBasedCompression Property System.Boolean SupportsFileBasedCompression {get;set;}

SystemCreationClassName Property System.String SystemCreationClassName {get;set;}

SystemName Property System.String SystemName {get;set;}

VolumeDirty Property System.Boolean VolumeDirty {get;set;}

VolumeName Property System.String VolumeName {get;set;}

VolumeSerialNumber Property System.String VolumeSerialNumber {get;set;}

__CLASS Property System.String __CLASS {get;set;}

__DERIVATION Property System.String[] __DERIVATION {get;set;}

__DYNASTY Property System.String __DYNASTY {get;set;}

__GENUS Property System.Int32 __GENUS {get;set;}

__NAMESPACE Property System.String __NAMESPACE {get;set;}

__PATH Property System.String __PATH {get;set;}

__PROPERTY_COUNT Property System.Int32 __PROPERTY_COUNT {get;set;}

__RELPATH Property System.String __RELPATH {get;set;}

__SERVER Property System.String __SERVER {get;set;}

__SUPERCLASS Property System.String __SUPERCLASS {get;set;}

PSStatus PropertySet PSStatus {Status, Availability, DeviceID, StatusInfo}

ConvertFromDateTime ScriptMethod System.Object ConvertFromDateTime();

ConvertToDateTime ScriptMethod System.Object ConvertToDateTime();

Delete ScriptMethod System.Object Delete();

GetType ScriptMethod System.Object GetType();

Put ScriptMethod System.Object Put();

</pre>

== Creating New Windows PowerShell Drives ==

Neil

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Working with File Systems in Windows PowerShell 1.0

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